“Offensive Play” by Malcolm Gladwell Essay

The author of the article, â€Å"Offensive Play† is Malcolm Gladwell. He is a staff writer for The New Yorker magazine, and has published four books. â€Å"Offensive Play† was published in the October 19th, 2009 edition. The New Yorker began February 21, 1925, and is now published forty-seven times annually. It focuses on arts, culture, politics, sports, medicine, etc. Anything enticing the wealthy, middle-class and metropolitan is what it is geared towards. In addition, it has also won many awards. I believe that The New Yorker is up to date because the year 2009 was not too long ago for a great deal of information to supersede what we now know. Mr. Gladwell did not have a â€Å"pre-set† perspective on things because he gives you clear facts about the article â€Å"Offensive Play† and the dangers of football, so we can read it with an open mind and figure out what to do. The intended audience for â€Å"Offensive Play† was for doctors’ for research, fans and athletes. This article seemed to have a good balance aimed towards the population in general because it gives you background information on researchers, the injuries involved, the sport, and what it is we can do. Obviously, Mr. Gladwell had a clear motive to write this article. He wanted to let the public know the dangers of the National Football League, and what illnesses develop in former players’ so perhaps, we can think of ways to make it safer. â€Å"Offensive Play† was written to inform you of the dangers of the N.F.L. Mr. Gladwell gives us both sides of the topic; how it’s dangerous to play, but there are things that can be done to improve the health and overall wellbeing of the players’. I didn’t feel an emotional punch from reading this article; although, it did make me more aware of the effects of playing the sport. In the article, â€Å"Offensive Play† by Malcolm Gladwell, the author argues that, researchers’ are studying the brains’ of former football players’ to examine the long term effects of hits / concussions received during the game. Players’ dedicate their skills and motivation to the game, but face serious illnesses that can lead to death. Studies done on former athletes have found mental illnesses in the brain from the trauma of getting hit during a game. It is unclear whether changing the rules of football will decrease brain injuries because many little hits can impact like one big one. Different positions have different impact of hits; however, players’ will then play more aggressively. Athletes dedicate their time into the game, and being the greatest they can be. The players’ would come back early from their injuries to get back on the field to play the game they love. There is no true answer on how to prevent injuries because it’s the risk each player is willing to take, and they know the consequences. In the end, it’s all about the fans’. Today, more ex-athletes suffer from brain diseases from injuries they receive during a game later in their life, researchers’ have found. The evidence that neuropathologist, Bennet Omalu has discovered from studies on ex-N.F.L. players’ has been included to support the author’s point. He is well respected and considered reliable because of his title. This study was performed back in September of 2002, so it is a decade outdated and may not be considered current. The information is relevant to the claim the author is making because he states that researchers’ are studying the brains’ of ex-football players’ to examine the long term effects of hits received during a game. I agree with the author’s use of language because he clearly uses professional and reliable researchers’ to make accurate diagnosis and statements. It helps me to better understand how severe the game of football really is. His neutral tone is just meant to inform you of the injuries and illnesses of football. As long as fans purchase ticket’s to go to games, and merchandise to support football, the players’ will continue to play hard regardless of the injuries the may face. The evidence that has been included to support the author’s point comes from a quote by Dr. McKee. Ann McKee is well respected and considered reliable because she is a doctor and a hospital researcher. I believe this is still current today because the same injuries occur in football, and the players’ still have â€Å"gameness.† The information is relevant to the claim the author is making because the players’ still uphold themselves to sacrifice their bodies’ to win games regardless of the mental illnesses they may face later in their life. I agree with the author’s use of language because he says, â€Å"there is nothing else to be done, not as long as fans stand and cheer.† This influences me because I have purchased tickets to go watch the New York Giants ’ play as well as merchandise. Malcolm Gladwell’s focus / view on â€Å"Offensive Play† is to provide you with the information that researchers’ have studied and found on former football players’ brains from the hits they received during the game. Mr. Gladwell, was indeed effective in reaching the audience because I felt impacted, and more knowledgeable upon reading the article of the dangers and injuries of the N.F.L. Mr. Gladwell, therefore accomplished his purpose to make you aware of these issues, and he used evidence from researchers’, doctors’ and former players’ to back up his article.

History and Culture Essay

Too long the country has been deprived of its national pride and independence. By 1911-1912, the foreigners were everywhere. The best way was to use them as sponsors for our changes, and let them call me â€Å"a dictator [corrupt and †¦ brutal] surrounding himself as soon as’ he could with some of the most despicable Chinese agents of the old regime; favoured [†¦] by foreign financiers [in the lust for] money and power and the means of extravagance and debauchery. † This year, the things are really disastrous. China’s foreign debt reaches 900 million taels. The dynasty has gone bankrupt undertaking expensive reforms of the governmental administration, military and educational system. The new regime followed the West in the enchantment with democratic elements of constitution, representative assemblies, separation of governmental powers, and political parties. On my side, I was more interested to pacify gentry and to centralize state power having been dissolved after foreign intrusions and imperialistic affairs. For me as President, therefore, the prior task is to obtain the loan from the Four Group Powers in order to keep a strong and obedient military resource to establish the right type of government. My fame played to the benefit of the task. I do remember how Dr. Morrison, the then political adviser to the Chinese Government, was trading with Mr. Crisp, the head of the firm of C. B. Crisp & Co, about the loan to pay for our administration needs this year, in 1912. We needed it badly in order not to depend so greatly on the Four Power Group, not to speak about Russia and Japan with their greed in regard to concessions. Then, the last persuasion for the â€Å"hard nut† Crisp to lend us ? 10,000,000 was delivered by Morrison in the words about my dictatorial position being the â€Å"benefit† of China. I am afraid, though, that we will have to owe the Four Group Allies ? 500,000,000, at the rate of ? 100,000,000 a year, not to forget about Japan and Russia trying to cut the fattest pieces of our cake in terms of territory, commerce and politics. Now I shall speak about my plans for the future. I really want to establish a â€Å"no-squeeze policy. † I believe that the modern Chinese state and nation should be centralised. The first step to do is to preserve the capital, thus, the centre of administrative authority, in Peking for the whole period of my office of President. Second, as I have never been a republican, I think about establishing a sort of a military dictatorship. I was often called the â€Å"strong man,† â€Å"a reputed reactionary,† and â€Å"arbitrary, tyrannical and self-indulgent† by my contemporaries, and, no doubt, I will be labelled like this by later researchers. My political opponents from the Kuomintang went even further referencing to me as nothing more than â€Å"[t]he fat bewhiskered general†. But even they can not deny that it was I who could build a strong army and placating fighting camps. That is why, in my opinion, there is no need to let those wordy democrats to spend time, effort and money on elections and the qualifications of voters. Let me stay â€Å"the strong dispenser of law and order† identifying the course of state policy by myself. Consequently, I plan to get rid of those tries to establish â€Å"popular sovereignty in the form of political parties and representative assemblies. † I watch them reorganising Sun Yat-sen’s Revolutionary Alliance into the Guomindang, or Nationalist Party, to dominate National Assembly after its election in December, 1912. I know that the trifle show with democratic elections for National/provincial/county assemblies could jeopardise the institute of centralised power I am planning to introduce. Later on, I will force the National Assembly to elect me as president for a long term, better for five years. Then, I will kick the Guomindang from the parliament because they are likely to assume too much political weight. The best solution will be also to dissolve all the assemblies that resemble a boiling pot, so â€Å"risky and messy† they are. Finally, I will do my best to consolidate all the state power in the hands of one person, and that person would be I. The best form to centralise power is monarchy, how ever discredited it has become. How about the British or Japanese constitutional model of the Emperor co-existing with the parliament? Lately, the title of â€Å"Grand Constitutional Emperor† has occurred to my mind as the best definition of the political system I want to achieve. Reanimating Confucianism as a state religion, there would be a chance to resurrect also the ideology of monarchism and to get back to traditional values, seeing also to the better economic and education opportunities to provide the nation with wealth and development. Bibliography Bowman, John S. , ed. Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000. Cantlie, James, and C. Sheridan Jones. Sun Yat Sen and the Awakening of China. New York: Fleming H. Revell, 1912. Croly, Herbert. Willard Straight. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1924. Eastman, Lloyd E. â€Å"The May Fourth Movement as a Historical Turning Point: Ecological Exhaustion, Militarization, and Other Causes of China’s Modern Crisis. † In Perspectives on Modern China: Four Anniversaries, edited by Thomas P. Bernstein et al. Armonk, NY: An East Gate Book, 1991, 123-138. Hyndman, H. M. The Awakening of Asia. New York: Boni and Liveright, 1919. Leang-Li, T’Ang. China in Revolt: How a Civilization Became a Nation. London: N. Douglas, 1927.

A Unique Business Plan

[pic] Based on a Study of Business Environment & Entrepreneurship Development History of Entrepreneurship Development & A Unique Business Plan Based on a Study of Business Environment & Entrepreneurship Development Prepared for- Mr. Shuvabrata Saha, Lecturer, Department of Accounting & Information systems, Comilla University. Prepared by- Group name-â€Å" Rising† 4th Year, 1st semester, Department of Accounting & Information Systems , Comilla University. comilla Submission date- July 04, 2011. [pic] Comilla UniversitySalmanpur, Kotbari Comilla April 30, Mr. Shuvabrata Saha, Lecturer, Department of Accounting & Information Systems, Comilla University. Subject: Submission of Term paper on â€Å"History of Entrepreneurship Development & A Unique Business Plan†. Dear Sir, With due respect, we are submitting this Term paper on the topic of â€Å"History of Entrepreneurship Development & A Unique Business Plan†, under the requirement of the course â€Å"Business Envi ronment And Entrepreneurship Development’’, as you have asked us to prepare it on last March 30.We all are thankful to you for your concrete knowledge about the subject matter that helped us to lead the Term paper to its successful competition. We have prepared this according to class lecture, through group discussion and through the help of secondary sources-Internet. And we hope that this Term paper will help us in accomplishing future entrepreneurial matters and as well as to establish a successful business. If you face any disorder or mistakes in interpreting this Term paper than please inform us, so that we can correct our mistakes as early as possible.Sincerely Yours, Tahmina Mannan On behalf of the group-â€Å" Rising†, Department of Accounting & Information Systems, Comilla University. [pic] The preparation of a Term paper and its accomplishment successfully is quiet impossible except someone who can sincerely and constructively assists us to make a Term paper in a benefiting manner. And thus we would like to specially extend thanks to our honorable course teacher, â€Å"Mr. Shuvabrata Saha†, for his guidelines, valuable insights and suggestions regarding the preparation of the Term paper to its completion.It is a great pleasure in submitting the Term paper which is the outcome of our preparing program of a Case Study on â€Å"History of Entrepreneurship Development & A Unique Business Plan†, under the course â€Å"Business Environment And Entrepreneurship Development’’ We are truly gratified and grateful to our honorable Sir, who are for the first time encourages us to make a Multimedia PowerPoint Presentation on this Term paper and made a confidence on us to do such courageous tasks successfully.We hope in future we will get his assistance to make such kind of study and we also hope we will get his solitude indications and valuable advice in future as always. At last we shall be grateful to those pers on who read this Term paper and who shall get benefit from this at present and in future. Tahmina Mannan, On behalf of The Group-â€Å" Rising†, Department of Accounting & Information Systems, Comilla University. [pic] The executive summary that results from this study are to add the following- †¢ History of Entrepreneurship Development in Japan, USA, UK, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh. A Unique Business Plan. Supporting these above topic the following findings and conclusions drawn from the study. Firstly, we have discussed here the history of entrepreneurship development in case of Japan, USA, UK, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. For the crucial and significance role played by the entrepreneurs in the economic development in the past that reached at today’s advanced entrepreneurship are here briefly examined. Secondly, we have discussed about a Unique Business Plan that are suggested us to be more unique, innovative, infeasible and profitable as well.Thus we have tr ied to present and share here shortly the idea, the concept of a unique business plan. We have also highlighted a group of steps for establishing a business and compared with our Business Plan. [pic] Term Paper Concludes: Page no: History of Entrepreneurship Development1 In Japan6 In USA In UK In India In Pakistan In Bangladesh A Unique Business Plan Recommendation28 Conclusion28 Bibliography29 History of Entrepreneurship DevelopmentEntrepreneurship development essentially requires a process of upward change whereby the real capital income of a country increases over a period of time . Entrepreneurship has an important role to play in the development of a country. It is one of the most important inputs in economic development. The number and competence of entrepreneurs affect the economic growth of the country. The economic history of the presently advanced countries like USA, UK, Japan, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh supports the fact that economic development is the outcome for w hich entrepreneurship is an inevitable cause.The crucial and significant role played by the entrepreneurs in the economic development of advanced countries has made the people of developing and under developed countries conscious of the importance of entrepreneurship for economic development. It is now a widely accepted fact that active and enthusiastic entrepreneurs can only explore the potentials of the countries availability of resources such as labor, capital and technology. The history and role of entrepreneurship is not identical in the various economies.Depending on the material resources, industry climate and responsiveness of the political system, it varies from economy to economy. The contribution of entrepreneurs may be more in favorable opportunity conditions than in economies with relatively less favorable opportunity conditions. The entrepreneurship development of each of these country mainly includes the following in considerations: 1) Employment Generation 2) Nationa l Income 3) Balanced Regional Development 4) Dispersal of economic power ) Better standards of living 6) Creating innovation The characteristics and the history of entrepreneurship development of USA, UK, Japan, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are discussed here in a brief manner. In USA History and current issue on entrepreneurship in the USA economy was dull in 1980’s . However, they achieved a drastic recovery to return to the highest position in the international economy after 1990’s. We search the roots and history of entrepreneurship in the USA to discuss about the role of it in the USA economy.There is no doubt that entrepreneurship is a corollary of American business. The world's most famous entrepreneurs have been American: Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Jay Gould, Edward H. Harriman, J. P. Morgan, and Pierre du Pont, to name a few. Their very names are synonymous with entrepreneurship. The stories of their success make the concept of entrepreneurship ta ngible. The American economy provides the largest and richest study of how entrepreneurs have advanced technologies, organizations, and social patterns-in short, the full spectrum of human opportunities.Globalization is one aspect of widespread and robust entrepreneurship. To be sure, business practices spawned and developed here are being used all over the world with some variations. The emergence and role of the innovative entrepreneur in the United States from the colonial period to modern times provides a probing exploration of our unique past. The first American colonists were the earliest entrepreneurs in this country. Bearing a positive outlook and pursuing dreams of success, they were the model for generations of entrepreneurs to follow.Yet, unlike their predecessors who found fortune in Europe and other regions of the world, these â€Å"Founding Entrepreneurs had to create a viable operation out of local resources, which had yet to yield anywhere near a competitive return, † says Gunderson in An Entrepreneurial History of the United States. These first capitalists played a critical role in the development of the United States into a global economic power and a country that has, on the whole, created an exemplary standard of living for its citizens.As Gunderson notes, these early entrepreneurs were successful in â€Å"redeploying resources creating exports that were competitive in international trade, and devising organizations that encouraged participants to harness their personal interests toward those of the colony. †Ã‚   An Entrepreneurial History of the United States, first published in 1989, chronicles the story of the nation’s economic beginning, and makes the story compelling by including profiles of famed business figures and companies.The stories of such entrepreneurs as Robert Fulton, John Jacob Astor, Andrew Carnegie, Thomas Edison, and Henry Ford and such companies as AT, DuPont, and Sears Roebuck are told. The history of entrepreneurship falls into phases tied to ever-changing business conditions and social circumstances. In some cases, entrepreneurship helped to usher in new phases; in other cases, it seized on opportunities for new products or services. The interplay between entrepreneurs and colonial society is thus a recurrent theme.The personal attributes shared by entrepreneurs, such as a special knowledge or ability in some field, a drive to apply this knowledge or ability to a business market in a novel way, and a combination of practicality and vision in applying the new idea. However, despite their creativity and drive, few entrepreneurs were overnight successes. Their accomplishments were earned after a long, persistent period of trial and error. The successful entrepreneur was not an especially ingenious individual who took a big risk and saw it pay off. A major misconception is that entrepreneurs assume particularly large risks,† says Gunderson. Rather, â€Å"a development usu ally unfolds as continuing, small problems, where mismanagement of an individual opportunity often can be corrected and then recouped by persistence. † Entrepreneurs are convinced they are on to something even in the face of obstacles and mismanagement in the early stages of their venture. Gunderson notes that, â€Å"As an entrepreneurial venture grows, its members learn about the niche that the product serves.Frequently the firm becomes recognized as the best source of such expertise in the world. †Ã‚   While natural resources, an abundant labor supply, available capital and the Protestant ethic of hard work and thrift all contributed to America's phenomenal economic development, Professor Gunderson, in his remarkably lucid, nontechnical, popular history, accords even greater credit to the motivation and initiative of individual and group entrepreneurs who possessed an ability to change and develop new technologies without which, an economy or society stagnates.Moreove r, he persuasively challenges the view that modern growth did not begin until the Industrial Revolution, citing the entrepreneurial activities of the colonists . He follows the evolution of entrepreneurs from such early 19th century inventors as Fulton, Morse and Cyrus McCormick to the great late 19th and 20th century tycoon-innovators who contributed to the unparalled growth of the country. But many of these entrepreneur-founders, failed to fill the new leadership demands of complex, publicly held mega-corporations, especially in the new service and electronic industries.According to Gunderson, the growth of the U. S. economy since colonial times is due more to entrepreneurial initiative than to the more widely recognized theory of the Protestant work ethic. He retells the economic history of the United States by noting the contributions of many individual entrepreneurs who have, in his opinion, made a difference. This point of view invites comparison with George Gilder's The Spiri t of Enterprise (which ultimately is the more important work.However, Gunderson does contribute an adequate survey of American business history to add to collections on the subject of entrepreneurship. In UK Entrepreneurship has emerged within the past 30 years as a distinctive discipline within the field of Business and Management. Research has shifted from an individual-centric approach which has sought to understand entrepreneurship by focusing on those individuals who exhibit entrepreneurial behaviours towards an environment-centric approach which seeks to locate and understand the situations in which entrepreneurs are found.Neither approach has offered a coherent approach to understanding entrepreneurship. More recently, a consensus has emerged that at the core of entrepreneurship, as a field of study, is the identification and exploitation of opportunities. Shane and Venkataraman define entrepreneurship as â€Å"an activity that involves the discovery, evaluation and exploita tion of opportunities to introduce new goods and services, ways of organising, markets, processes, and raw materials, through organising efforts that previously had not existed†.They go on to scope out the field of entrepreneurship as comprising the following: when and how entrepreneurial opportunities exist; the sources of those opportunities and the forms that they take; the processes of opportunity discovery and evaluation; the acquisition of resources to the exploitation of these opportunities; the act of opportunity exploitation; why, when and how some individuals and not others discover evaluate, gather resources to and exploit opportunities; the strategies used to pursue opportunities; and the organising efforts to exploit them.In view of the economic impact of entrepreneurship, in terms of employment and innovation, and its political significance, there is also a strong applied strand of research which examines policies to promote entrepreneurship and the evaluation of related interventions. However, a major critique of entrepreneurship research is its failure to recognise the significance of time and context and to present its conclusions at least implicitly as being timeless and context free: the so-called rush to simplification and generalization.A key aspiration for this special issue is that it should demonstrate that ‘time matters’. Historical context and the operation of entrepreneurial processes include continuity and change in entrepreneurial processes; the emergence and growth of specific industry sectors; the origins, growth and demise of entrepreneurial places; changing organisational forms; and the economic impact of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship has been rediscovered by economists, scholars in managerial sciences, and business historians. Typically, great entrepreneurs led the huge restructuring process of the nineties.But perhaps the most important reason for the awakened interest in the subject has been the abili ty of successful entrepreneurs to ride the great wave of innovation that has taken place in industries such as electronics and information-communication technologies. Their efforts have brought the world into the era of globalization. Entrepreneurship is so critical to the wealth and competitiveness of a nation that all advanced countries have attempted to codify it both for instructional purposes and as an aid in formulating industrial policies. But notwithstanding its acknowledged importance in the economic process, ntrepreneurship is an elusive phenomenon. Entrepreneurship appears in different sizes—from large corporations to small retail shops—and it assumes various forms. It can be the motivation for a scientist to assign economic values to his or her lab activity, or it can be the guiding force for a well-educated manager of a large corporation who utilizes techniques learned in business school. It can also be what pushes the instinctive type who is able to antic ipate demand and build an economic empire. Entrepreneurship can occur over the course of an extended, day-by-day process or it can take place in a dramatic leap.Certainly a good litmus test for detecting the presence of entrepreneurship is whether the person has the capacity to create something new. Then again, innovation does not explain everything. Not everyone we identify as an entrepreneur is an exceptional innovator. There are more hard questions rather than definitive answers in the attempt to grapple with the definition of entrepreneurship. Some of the relevant questions would be these: What are entrepreneurs engaged in besides simple innovation? Who are they? Are they individuals who risk their own money? What relationship do entrepreneurs have with the organizations they create?Are entrepreneurs indispensable to economic growth? Is it possible to separate entrepreneurship from its historical, economic, and social environment? Finally, is entrepreneurship independent of time and space? Also in the first section, and writing from the perspective of a mainstream economist, George Bitros explores the interrelationship between entrepreneurship and economies of scale and scope. Bitros observes how the development of multiproduct technologies characterized by economies of scale and scope has led to losses in market coordination due to increases in market imperfections.James Foreman-Peck eloquently demonstrates how theory and evidence have been quantitatively linked in the historical study of entrepreneurship, thereby allowing judgments to be made about entrepreneurship’s causes and effects with increasing precision. Richard Coopey investigates the intricate and complex relationship between investment and entrepreneurship, concentrating on the history of venture capital in postwar Britain and the United States. In Japan Entrepreneurial activities of a region reflect its business climate and habitat for innovation.This is particularly evident in Japan a s entrepreneurial activity in these areas especially faces a different culture and business environment. Japanese entrepreneurs were more society-oriented and concerned more about personal and globalization risks and less about market and financial risks. Japanese firms seemed to have better access to diverse financing resources including bank loans and government financing. Analysis and evaluation on entrepreneurship it is important to analyze and evaluate the past cases of setting up businesses for aiming a success of our own cases.After the collapse of the bubble economy in 1980’s, many policies and schemes have been formulated and carried out in Japan. Encouraging entrepreneurs is one of the most hopeful policies and has become the focus of recent attention. The policy aims to encourage setting up a business by each individual entrepreneur, also to reform organization in some enterprises suffering from so-called â€Å"large company sickness,† to activate venture an d to contribute strategic management of technology as a national policy.Learning from the arguments on â€Å"the lost 10 years in Japan† tells about the harder competition in the international business circumstances. After the collapse of the bubble economy in 1980’s, many policies and schemes have been formulated and carried out to encourage the weakened international competence of Japan and to recover from the economical recession. The Japanese semiconductor industry is one of the good examples that we can learn from the arguments on the bad manners and strategies in that period.History and current issue on entrepreneurship in the Japan while the US economy was dull in 1980’s when Japan was most brilliant with the bubble economy. Particularly, the current status on venture projects inside enterprises and spin-out ventures is discussed to think about the circumstances, manners, and processes on entrepreneurship in Japan. Unfortunately many technical seeds in Ja pan can hardly produce a business success. This fact is pointed out as one of the reasons why Japanese economy has been so stagnated.The problem is also considered as a common issue on technology management for many other countries, as so-called â€Å"the valley of death. † The study of the evolution and emergence of Japan's history of entrepreneurship development leading the industrial firms during the twentieth century. First, it provides a historical study of how the industrial institutions of modern Japan appeared and matured. Second, it looks at the basic forms of social and economic interaction in Japan. Third, it is a development study of how circumstances of rapid technical and economic change have shaped the Japanese business system.Finally, it is also a strategy study of how Japanese managers have responded to and shaped these circumstances. This fourfold synthesis offers a model of institutional development under conditions of late economic development and private initiative that falls somewhere between a capitalist development state and a free market economy. The popular opinion of entrepreneurship in Japan is that it is hard, getting funding and finding venture capital seems to be have been hard in the past and incubators seem rare.When discussing the history it is generally put into three categories; political, cultural and the Japanese perception on entrepreneurship. Japan has had enormous success in the past taking western concepts to adapt and improve them. If anything, the future of the Japanese entrepreneurial venture is bright. There is a lot of talent in the Japanese people for creating new things, innovating and solving real problems. But the biggest problem is that the view of entrepreneurship is so different there from the U. S. This does however create a bright future for a westerner looking to start something new in Japan.A foreigner looking to innovate and give the Japanese economy a boost can be welcomed with open arms. Final ly we can say that Entrepreneurship helps in increasing productivity and capital formation of a nation. In short, the development of the entrepreneurship is inevitable in the economic development of the country. The Role played by the entrepreneurship development can be expressed in the following words: † Economic development is the effect for which entrepreneurship is a cause† In BangladeshThe entrepreneurial history of Bangladesh dates back to the ancient era. In the ancient age, Bengal was rich in different small and cottage industries as well as trade and commerce. The basic industries were fine cotton fabric known as muslin, sugar, salt etc. These were exportable commodities for which there was a great demand in the Far East and Europe. With the establishment of Muslim rule in India, the communication system between different regions of India with Bengal developed During Pre-Mughal Muslim rule, an entrepreneur class grew in Bengal, especially in and around dhaka.The y had lofty craftsmanship in handicraft, textile weaving, milk products, jewelry etc. Dhaka attained greater commercial importance and became a major trading and entrepreneurial centre for the whole of Southeast Asia. The Europeans, particularly the Portuguese, Dutch, English and French as well as other traders began to come in larger numbers. The jamdani saris woven in flowered or plain designs with border and ground in threads of gold, silver or silk became popular and were sent to Hejaj, Morocco, Tunisia, Delhi etc.After that the British government had imposed high taxes on the incomes of local entrepreneurs. The Muslim majority of Bengal inclined to disassociate themselves from the British because of the perception that the British had snatched power from the Muslims. The British also disliked Muslims and tried to deprive them of all economic and political opportunities. All these factors deterred the growth of entrepreneurship in Bengal during British rule. During the later hal f of the nineteenth century, Bengali capital was mostly diverted to land and non-commercial occupations.At the same time, development of transportation, primarily the expansion of railway and shipping as well as expansion of a money economy caused a rise in the price of land, making landed investments more attractive. Bengali entrepreneurs were to raise the start-up capital from the existing capital market or to borrow from the informal credit market. Attitudinal problems such as an anti entrepreneurial bias played a not too inconsequential role in the development of Bengali entrepreneurship. These biases were reflected in the derogatory attitude towards the indigenous trading communities like theSahas of Bengal or the Muslim traders of chittagong. An anti-entrepreneurial bias was dominant amongst the attitudes of political leaders and the civil bureaucracy of Bengal. After the Partition of Bengal in 1947, the eastern part of Pakistan did not inherit an experienced entrepreneurial c lass for historical reasons. Neither did this part receive adequate attention from the government of Pakistan in terms of economic incentives to induce entrepreneurial activities. The government support and facilities went more to the western part and the net result was a constrained growth of entrepreneurship in East Pakistan.The East Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation (EPIDC), however, had set up some enterprises, especially a number of jute mills, and gradually handed over their ownership to the local associates. This had indirectly helped the growth of an entrepreneur class in Bangladesh. The country inherited a shattered economy after the war of liberation of 1971. Mills and factories were closed down, agricultural production was interrupted and infrastructural facilities like roads, bridges, railways, power transmission lines, telephone network, gas pipe lines etc. ere broken down. Because of the political commitment and also because of the exodus of non-Bengali owner s of mills, factories and banks the government had nationalized all such establishments immediately after liberation. Within a few years after independence, the government policy was changed and the role of private sector given due importance. The disinvestment and denationalization policies have facilitated the ownership of large, medium and small industrial and commercial enterprises by Bengali entrepreneurs.The government, however, brought changes in trade and industrial policies alongside the monetary and exchange rate policies. Import controls were considerably relaxed to reduce the level of protection, thus encouraging efficiency in resource allocation and promotion of competitive abilities of domestic industries. The bangladesh shilpa rin sangstha (bsrs), bangladesh shilpa bank (BSB) and investment corporation of bangladesh (ICB) acted as prime movers for industrial development in Bangladesh.BSCIC industrial estates and export processing zone (EPZ) authorities have provided a large number of entrepreneurs with infrastructural facilities including land for industrial location, water, power, sewerage, gas, telephone, extension and counseling services and store and warehousing facilities. In Bangladesh quite a number of entrepreneurial ventures have been the creation of corporate spin-offs. They embarked upon new ventures with the experience and skill that they gathered while serving an enterprise. In Bangladesh the garment industry has been the creation of spin-offs.Similarly, many chemical engineers starting their career in the Chemical Industries Corporation ultimately left their jobs and started new chemical/ pharmaceuticals enterprises. A special group of entrepreneurs, creators of the corporate new ventures, identified technically as intrapreneurs, create new products and processes within large organisations. They do not start a new enterprise or industry but create new products with their innovative and inventive ideas. Their corporate entrepreneurs hip opens up new horizons of opportunities for the corporate structure where they serve.The establishment of many new chemical plants/product lines under Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation is an example of corporate entrepreneurship. The dholaikhal in Bangladesh is an example of emulating entrepreneurship that matches the experience of countries like Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan in the growth of entrepreneurship during the early years of economic development through the emulative dexterity of their people. Gradually, the emulative capability of local entrepreneurs helped indigenous technology to flourish, and this, under active government patronage, facilitated the growth of entrepreneurship.Apart from a few multinational companies like Bata Shoe Company and Bangladesh Tobacco Company Limited, public sector enterprises have not developed a positive attitude towards this system. An import-biased policy and fiscal anomaly also impede its proper development. bangladesh bank in a ssociation with commercial banks and the Bangladesh Institute of Management launched an Entrepreneurial Development Programme for educated unemployed youths. Similarly, BSCIC, in association with USAID initiated a Women Entrepreneurship Development Programme.However, it is not clearly known how many new entrepreneurs have been created as a result of the training and education. In Pakistan The history of National entrepreneurship and its development in Pakistan, we shall find that almost every company we know today began as an SME. Europe, United States, China and our neighbour India started developing Microsoft industries with small man power in a rented house or in a small industrial unit. It is believed that Small and Medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as key actors in national development and employment creation.World trade and manufacturing is now shifting to east. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are a very assorted group of businesses usually operating in the service, tr ade, agri-business, and manufacturing sectors. The contribution of uplifting National Economy and improving National prosperity the role of Small and medium industries is imperative. In Pakistan small business and cottage industries hold an important position in rural areas. In 2005 infrastructure in remote areas had improved considerably.Most villages are self sufficient in the basic necessities of life. They have their own carpenters, blacksmiths, potters, craftsmen and cotton weavers. Many families depend on cottage industries for income. Due to the tremendous effort of SMEDA (Small and medium enterprises Development authority) the concept of small industries have also gained immense importance in cities and towns. Government should encourage cottage and small-scale industries Government support to this workable Organization with its proven success record both in rural set up, cities and towns is crucial.SME BASELINE SURREY-2009is a tremendous effort done by the team of policy an d planning division of Smeda under the dynamic leadership of its chief Shahid Rashid. This survey conducted by Gallup Pakistan with the financial assistance of Asian Development Bank is inclusive report and guide line for SMEs policy makers. All the chapters of this survey reports grab the attention of business community as its deals with almost all related aspects that bound with promotion of entrepreneurial culture.Pakistan Government should place the development of SMEs on a high priority area and this should be reflected in its National development agendas. With the consultation of highly skilled staff of SMEDA the policy makers should prepare the key strategies for SME development in coming years. Like Pakistan Government may constitute National SME Development Council. The consistent progress and devote work of SMEDA during the last 12 years reveals that SMEDA is a right organization to be trusted. Ministry of industries and production should give maximum incentive to this via ble institution.The dream of having an organization to support facilitators emerged as people working with participatory group facilitation methods were sharing approaches that worked in their practices. People, who can build consensus, maximize participation and move toward action are in high demand in today's world. The idea of SOFT emerged from the last 10 years efforts being made at the plat form of National IPM Program implemented in different phases all over Pakistan. To maintain and further this pace, formations of a society to use the national resources in a productive way become indispensable.The Society of Facilitators and Trainers (SOFT) are formed by a group of professionals desiring an avenue for interchange, professional development, trend analysis and peer networking. A formal association was proposed and adopted at the 2nd National IPM Facilitators congress in Islamabad, November, 2004 and finally a Society of Facilitators & Trainers has been registered under the Soc iety Registration Act 1860 on 23rd July, 2009 in Islamabad. Since then, the SOFT has grown to over hundreds of members from all over Pakistan.Society remains committed improving livelihood & social development through Skills enhancement by creating a network of local organizations for improved productivities, healthy environment, value addition and entrepreneurship development of rural communities’ especially poor farmer’s organizations and regional networks. Propelling Women's Entrepreneurship in Pakistan Supporting Pakistani Women Entrepreneurs in Expanding and Strengthening their Businesses by Connecting them with Successful Professional Women Mentors.A select group of women will be chosen to be mentors in the first collaborative program between the U. S. Department of State’s Office of Global Women’s Issues, Goldman Sach’s 10,000 Women Initiative, and the Thunderbird School of Global Management to expand women entrepreneurship in Pakistan. This opportunity will make a difference in the lives of female entrepreneurs by providing a network that fosters sustainable change and economic empowerment for women in Pakistan. In India History of entrepreneurship in India:Several entrepreneurial phases in India have passed since independence. A slow pace of development was reflected in the late 1950s and early 1960s, as the entire economy was changing from an agro based economy to an industrialized economy. Soon after that the upcoming entrepreneurs got support from the government as well. A number of SSI sprouted up in late 1960s and 1970s. Here an intensive movement was initialized for further promotion of entrepreneurship. Finally, in 1980 India was able to liberalize imports and began with small and medium scale entrepreneurs.Further, the economic reforms were introduced in 1990. It was a kind of disillusion for the budding Indian entrepreneurs and now in the 2000 the entrepreneurial scenario has undergone a vast change. Now Ind ia is taking part in global entrepreneurship. History of Entrepreneurship Evolution in India: Barter system & currency Caste System Agriculture Education Colonial rule Managing agents Trader community SSI Founder Entrepreneurs development Reforms in 1990’s Liberalization India Multinationals and Joint Ventures 50 years of Indian Entrepreneurship:Indians have always been entrepreneurial in nature, its just only recently that this word is being used so often. So it is no surprise that India celebrates 50 years of Indian Entrepreneurship. The arrival of independence, the early decade of 1950-60s marked a slow progress from an agrarian economy to an industrialised market. Industry was dominated by textile power looms in and around Bombay, Ahmedabad, Calcutta and Madras. The 1960s saw the rapid expansion in large scale government sponsored heavy industry being set up across the country.Undermining the role that an individual enterprise can play in a country's economic growth, the government went ahead building state owned enterprises dependent on centralised planning In the 1970s , there was an intensive campaign to promote entrepreneurship among the Indian business community. This was the first effort to promote entrepreneurship in a concentrated manner. It was inspired by the fund raising campaign that happened during the second Indo-Pak War in 1965-66. The late 1980s marked the new beginning for the small and medium entrepreneurs in India with the new government choosing to move towards a market oriented economy.The economic crisis of the early 1990s resulted in economic reforms and a deliberate move towards globalization and liberalization of the Indian Economy. Soon by the early 2000 , it was common to see young professionals preferring to become entrepreneurs and the least preferred career path was a stable government sector job. With the dawn of the new service oriented economy, young professionals will increasingly work in the private sector and late r choose to start a business of their own. A Unique Business Plan The day is not so far that one day all the sources of oil, gas, coal, petrol and fuel will be exhausted.Instead there remains the Nuclear power. But after the large happening of the earthquake and tsunami in Japan(11 March, 2011),for the inversion of Nuclear Power Plant, they are bound to decide to banned all of there Nuclear Power Plant as it largely increased the level of carbon dioxide in air. At the same time for the same reason Germany have also decided to banned their all Nuclear Power Plant within 2022. And then there will be no solution of the sources of power and electricity except only the Wind and Solar System.From when we have given to choose a unique business plan we are thinking what kind of business should we choose that are eco friendly, save our environment and that will be the permanent solution of any of our major scarcity problem. And that is the power, energy the electricity problem. In order to s ee a poverty free world, energy security for all must be ensured. As the conventional sources of energy are limited and can not meet the increasing need of the common people, wide dissemination of renewable energy technologies is the only way out.We think our Business plan a large scale program to provide Wind and Solar home systems that will play a leading role in the rural households in Bangladesh. We have designed, supplied and installed systems for a wide range of clients. We can design and supply a system to meet exact needs and our systems include all balance-of-system components. Remote power systems are ideal for providing energy to rural properties, alternative power systems and small community power supplies. If you live in an area where there is no electricity and connecting to the electricity grid is not an option, most likely it is far too expensive!The UK is unusual in that it experiences good wind conditions so wind power is certainly viable. Coupled with sunshine, a solar and wind solution provides a reliable, safe, environmentally friendly and user-friendly source of electricity for a very long time. A solar and wind power solution will need little maintenance simply because there are no moving parts. Component failure is very rare and come with superb guarantees, solar panels offer a 25 year warranty as standard. Best of all, you are generating your own electricity for free! [pic] [pic][pic][pic]With an off grid system you will need somewhere to store the generated electricity and this is usually stored in batteries. The battery bank provides electricity at night, and during periods of cloud cover. Systems can comprise of a stand-alone pv system and wind turbine, solar pv system. Stand-alone solar (only pv) systems require high availability and so systems are often oversized, to account for long summer short winter sunshine. Remote power systems are installed for a range of reasons, including: †¢ expensive grid connection; †¢ desire to use renewable energy; †¢ low running costs; environmentally safe no overhead wires; †¢ CO2 emission, reduces pollution and natural climatic changes. [pic] [pic] Dual Wind Turbine and Solar Close up of wind turbine and solar panel PV Off-Grid System Application: Remote water pumping [pic] Wind turbine and solar panels Bottom of Form Eco friendly energy efficient power supply Using Wind and Solar systems: We know that a business plan is a document that is used as a base for future actions of the business venture. And an essential steps in getting a new venture of the ground is the preparation of a business plan.To prepare a business plan we have to consider a number of steps in this manner. The related important steps of preparing our business plan are here briefly examined as follows- Commitment of Starting A Business: First of all a commitment are to be made to enter into a business. And we all are firmly determined, committed and decided to start a business by ourselv es. SWOT Analysis: Each business conducts a SWOT analysis by which it evaluates business’s overall strengths(S), weakness (W), opportunities (O), and threats (T). We have also made an SWOT analysis that generates from our study are highlighted as follows: Strengths: . Adequate natural resources (sunlight and wind), 2. Availability of manpower, 3. Lower labor cost, 4. Available raw materials, 5. Having theoretical knowledge of business, 6. Strong desire and enthusiasm for establishing business, 7. Transportation and communication facilities etc. Weakness: 1. Required a huge amount of capital, 2. Required a lot of research and analysis, 3. Lack of practical knowledge for implementation and establishment of a new business. Opportunities: 1. Greater employment opportunities, 2. Increasing overall economic development of the country, 3. Greater utilization of natural resources, 4.Advanced technologies, 5. Ease of Govt. rules, regulations and facilities, 6. Better opportunities of expanding any kind of businesses in Bangladesh. Threats: 1. The response towards the product or service may be lower than expectation, 2. Challenging competitors, 3. Any kind of risk taken. 4. High initial installation costs and 5. Limited government support compared to that of other countries. If we can not utilize our strength and opportunities properly it may take form into threat for our business. And if we can overcome the threats and weakness then it may convert into our strength that may create a lot of opportunities.Selection of Product or Services: After SWOT analysis we are determined to go to such kind of business which best fit with our Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats as well as with our desires. We have decided to choose a business idea which is environment friendly and permanent solution of any problem of our country. Keeping on this on our mind we found the current major electricity problem that are increasing day by day in our country. Thus we have cho sen a business idea of eco friendly energy efficient power supply by using our adequate and available sun light and wind through solar and wind system.By purchasing solar panels and wind turbines we will make installation and give power supply from both sun light and air simultaneously. Whenever sun light is available the solar panel will provide required electricity through saving power into the batteries. If sun light is not available then the wind turbine will serve power from air like the solar panel. That means there will be always alternative in absence of any one and 24 hour it will supply electricity which are of a tremendous demand now-a-days in our country as it is emerged under load shading largely.Thus it is the new use of old product that have not yet come in Bangladesh. And as we have adequate sunshine and air all over the year, that are everlasting have available manpower, also have lower labor cost, easy collection of inventories, greater transportation and communica tion facilities, helps to cut carbon emissions from buildings, and a strong desire to do something new for the welfare of our natural environment as well as the whole country. Our business plan is thus both product and service oriented. [pic] Independent Wind & Solar Hybrid Power Supply System Solutions for BuildingBusiness type: Manufacturer, retail sales, wholesale supplier, importer. Service types: consulting, system design, installation, construction, engineering, project development services, training services, research services, site survey and assessment services, maintenance and repair services, recycling services, testing service.. Product types: Building Eco-friendly Energy Efficient Wind & Solar Power Supply System Solutions for building configurations may include a mixture of possible electrical generating sources, including inverters and batteries. There are five main components of an off grid systems. Solar panels ; †¢ Wind turbine; †¢ Controller; †¢ Bat tery bank & †¢ Power Inverter; A customized system has a lot of options and we can offer a wide range of products to suit all requirements. These include: [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] Solar panels wind turbine controller Battery bank Power Inverter Expected profit, time, investment and Projected Income Statement: As significantly, with attracted major investment from finance institutions will help our business to make both life-enhancing and profitable through technology and sustainability.As it is a new business we can not expect a maximum profit on this. We will give at least two years to establish the business at first. So that we can retain the customer for a long time. When our business will start to make large sales volume and service available then we will expect to make profit from this business on about 20% on our turnover. Our business will be started with an investment of about 1crore tk. In this manner we have presented here a projected income statement . â€Å"Ri sing Partnership & Service Ltd† Projected Income Statement For The Year Ended Dec31, 2011 Particulars |Tk |Tk | |Sales revenue: | |3000000 | |Less: sales returns |200000 | | |Sales discount |50000 |250000 | | | | | |Net sales | | | |Cost of goods sold: | | | |Purchase | | | |Gross profit (A-B) | | | |Operating expense: | | | |Office and dministrative expense: | | | |Office expense | | | |Manager’s salary | | | |Rent expense | | | |Utilities expense | | | |Depreciation | | | |Transportation expense | | | |Insurance | | | |Supplies | | | |Repair expense | | | |Selling expense: | | | |Sales manager salaries | | | |Advertising expenses | | | | | | | |Total operating expenses | | | | | | | |Income from operation (C-D) | | | |Other revenues & gain: | | | |Interest revenue | | | |Other expense & cases : | | | |Interest xpense(5000000*10%) | | | |Net income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |2000 | | | | | | | |10 0000 | | | | | | | |30000 | | | | | | | |18000 | | | | | | | |9000 | | | | | | | |50000 | | | |4500 | | | | | | |3000 | | | | | | | |7500 | | | | | | | | | | | |75000 | | | | | | | |100000 | | | | |2750000 | | | | | | | |1520000 | | | | | | | |1230000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |224000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |175000 | | | |399000 | | | | | | | | | | | |831000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 10000 | | | | | | | |500000 | | | | | | | | |490000 | | | | | | | |341000 | | | | | Merchandising Plan: For marketing our product we have prepared a merchandising plan.The marketing plan of our product depends on the demand of our customer towards our product and services. Basically our product and services will be given to the general customer. And our required materials and inventories will be collected from a number of reliable sources from Dhaka, Chittagong and from outside of the country as required. The wind & solar energy systems product companies where we will get all our required product available and sources from where we will mainly purchase are- 1. Bangladesh Wind And Solar Technologies. Address: Road # 04, Banani, Dhaka1213, Bangladesh 2. A B Power. Address: House 33, Road 18, Banani, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh 3. Global Trade & Technology. Address: House 9/3, South Mugda, P.O-Bashabo, Dhaka 1214, Bangladesh 4. Xebec & Partners Limited. Address: H-71, New Airport Road, Mohakhali, Dhaka1212 Bangladesh 5. Goldenfair International Trading Company. Address: HOUSE-502, ROAD-34,New D. O. H. S. , Mohakhali, DHAKA-1206 Export Markets:   North America, South America, Eastern Europe, Southeast Asia, Africa, Oceania, Mid East, Eastern Asia, Western Europe etc. Estimated Expense-Variable and Fixed: The available capacity of solar panel varies from 20 wp to & 5 wp for Bangladesh. The cost of solar panel and wind turbine, installation cost and cost of other material s depends on how many wp are needed. They are varies at different prices.But the price ranges are generally between 12,650 tk to 45,000 tk. The cost of installing wind turbines also varies where they are sited. Compared to other renewable sources of energy, solar and wind power has a high capital outlay but the maintenance requirements and costs are extremely low. From our projected income statement the estimated expense in terms of fixed cost and variable cost of our business are- Fixed Cost Variable Cost Manager’s salary 100000 Office expense 2000 Sales manager salaries 75000 Utilities expense 18000Rent expense 30000 Advertising expenses 100000 Depreciation 9000 Transportation expense 50000 Insurance 4500 Supplies 3000 Interest expense 500000 Repair expense 7500 Total: 718500 180500 Total Cost: (718500+180500) =899000 Tk Determination of BEP: As our business is a completely new one, thus it is our expectation that first 2 and 3 year our business should be at Break-Even Poi nt (BEP).We will make our effort best so it must not go beyond the BEP. Consideration of Credit Sales: In our business plan we are considering sales on credit as it will encourage customer to purchase more that is helpful to spread our business all over the country in future. Our administrative decision will involve a recovery agency, we must make a provision for doubtful debts and will also include a number of terms and conditions. In this manner customer can pay on installment basis for which an installment policy required to be considered. Statement of Assets: The asset that are estimated in case of our business are presented below showing a statement of assets to be used- Statement of Assets Assets |Tk | |Current assets: | | |Cash |741000 | |Accounts receivable |100000 | |Fixed assets: | | |Building |3500000 | |Plant |4000000 | |Furniture |40000 | |Investment |200000 | |Total |

Hybrid system Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hybrid system - Assignment Example The recommendations were also included and this is where the researcher attempted to offer some suggestions of providing an improved or well-designed hybrid system. Lastly, the conclusion provided a brief summary of what was covered in the research, and suggestion for further studies in determining the impact of hybrid systems to heat a home and also the challenges it poses in to vendors. Hybrid System Introduction Hybrid system is a modern innovative technology that combines test and measurements components from modular instrumental platforms. Hybrid systems arise when the continuous and discrete dynamics interact; this occurs especially when most high-tech systems where logic based components, fixed controllers and digital networks combine. Hybrid systems are becoming increasing common, but they are complex technologies; hence a need for the development of effective hybrid system models. This model will offer an analysis and assess the design of the system whereby logic based eleme nts and continuous system processes interact. For the last decades, the study of hybrid systems has increasingly become the major concerning aspects in field research. System developers have made significant efforts of combining tests and measurements from modular instruments platforms, but they face significant challenges. The major challenge is advancing and systematizing the knowledge about hybrid systems, which comes from such a large diverse fields. However, with increased computer technology, system developers or engineers have made significant efforts of producing a continuous and discreet system that are more economical. Purpose The purpose of hybrid system as a modern technology is that it combines with both furnace and heat pump to heat a home at fewer costs. The hybrid systems are more economical because they can heat pump, which can heat a home at low temperatures and for less cost; it is also economical because the furnace can heat home for fewer costs. Hybrid systems a re also used to model varied system such as physical systems, logic dynamic controller and also Internet congestion. Many consumers are familiar with the hybrid term, which combines electric and fuel in order to perform well; however, design developers have developed hybrid systems which reduce heating expenses during the winter season and they also keep home comfortable because they are economical. Discussions The research topics of hybrid systems have attracted the interest of many people including the mathematicians, computer scientists and engineers. One of the major arguments about this modern technology is that it is viewed as a dynamical system; hence, it should be considered as a hybrid system in case it deals with purely continuous or purely discrete invent system without ignoring significant phenomenon. Yang, Jiang and Cocquempot (2010, p. 45) argue that the term continuous and discrete are depending on the range of signals, but not with respect to time through which such signal are defined. However, this does not clearly define what hybrid system is all about; thus many theories have been implemented to elaborate on the issue of continuous and discrete systems. The hybrid system has posed a great challenge for many years until the recent when the combination of continuous and discreet was implemented to offer the clear meaning of hybrid systems.

B&B Mobile Home Park and Rental business Case Study

B&B Mobile Home Park and Rental business - Case Study Example B&B Mobile Home Park and Rental business is expected to plough back profit as it expects to expand its activities and invest in all positive net present value (NPV) projects such as a game room or install a small above-ground pool. Based on an independently feasibility studies, I have targeted Oklahoma to be used as administrative office, warehousing, and dispatch unit for customers bookings. This area is unique because of its accessibility to other cities, a small community with great potentials for the mobile home business. While the season continues through out the year except a few months in between. Oklahoma is a unique destination for this business. I intend to use one or two local news paper to promote the B&B Mobile Home Park and Rental business brand and thus benefit from ancillary and auxiliary activities. Initial funding for the project is expected to be about $100,000. Of this amount, the principal owner has contributed 13%, that is, $13000 while a bank loan of $87,000 is to be secured to cover the remaining 100% of the funding requirements. The equipments to be purchased outline in the financial plan will serve as collateral. Note the $13000 is to cover for working capital in the first three months. Rental incomes for the first year are expected to amount to about $36,240 and are expected to grow at an annual rate of 10%. Gross profit is expected to be $15840 against which expenses for rents, depreciation of equipment, and salaries, overhead expenses and miscellaneous expenses will be charged. Expenses during the second, third, fourth and fifth year are expected to witness increases as the company plans to increase expenditure on news paper advertisement. Customer loyalty card will be introduced to facilitate online booking and increase sales. Constant growth is expected to come from the unique nature of the business and strategy that will be adopted by the company. The company will also do everything necessary to protect the environment in which it operates such as improving its waste management activities as well as becoming ISO1400 certified. 1.0 Introduction to B&B Mobile Home Park and Rental business B&B Mobile Home Park and Rental business - Oklahoma US is a new business venture. It is an establishment to be based in Oklahoma United States, targeting the local communities and other visitors for Mobile Home Park and the rental business.The business proposal is based on the objective that

Combinational and sequential logics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Combinational and sequential logics - Assignment Example The two binary digit full adders are found as the standard IC packages as 74LS283 and 74LS83 which add up and generate a CARRY and SUM output. Image for the two binary digits full adder Another very useful and a common combinational logic is that of one bit magnitude comparator. The comparator is comprised of the NOT, NOR, and AND logic gates. The logic gates compare the signals found in the input terminal and produce the output that depend on the input condition (Ross & Sheldon 75). For instance, despite adding and subtracting numbers, they are able to compare them and find if the value of A is smaller than, equal to, or greater than input B. The one bit magnitude comparator achieves this by using the above logic gates that use the mechanism of Boolean algebra. The one bit magnitude comparator comprises of the three terminals that act as the terminals. One is greater than A>B, equalityA=B, and less than A

Teaching elementary students Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Teaching elementary students - Essay Example At this period children develop effectively writing and drawing skills. The cognitive development characteristics are active information gathering, learning skills, mastering abstract thinking. At this period of life children master verbal skills. They long to become competent that’s why they are prone to ask many questions which are mostly fact-oriented. Communication needs are usually satisfied in social groups or interest clubs. Elementary students are able to handle abstract ideas, think generally of concrete objects, devise memory strategies, and evaluate behavior. Their attention is selective. The emotional development of elementary students is marked by acquiring independence and self-confidence. It’s a stage when self-concept and self-awareness are developing. It’s a stage when a personality traits are more outlined and which can be changed or preserved for the rest of the life depending on many factors. At this stage of development an active social participation starts. A person learns to achieve and compete, feels strong group identity. The need for interaction is satisfied through working and playing with others. The sex identity is determined and a child imitates the same sex adult. Constructivism regards learning as a construction of reality through our experiences. People generate ‘mental models’ to ‘shape’ experience and further acquire new ones. So, successful teaching practices should take into account the mental models which students use to perceive the world. Constructivists regard learning as a search for meaning, not memorizing of the ready answers. Constructivism suggests to customize curricula according to students needs, thus eliminating a standardized curriculum as well as grades and standardized testing. The students are encouraged to analyze and interpret information. They also play a vital role in the assessment of their progress. In Piaget developmental theory learning is also based

Education for Indigenous Australians Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Education for Indigenous Australians - Essay Example AESOC (2008) reckons that the representation of students in other areas in vocational education and training is also something to write about even though with pinch of salt. Regardless of some remarkable milestones, educational stakeholders both in government agencies and the private sector have expressed concerns about the sluggish pace at which reforms have unfolded. Often, many indigenous students drop out of school while at quite an early age. This has been marked by the existing gaps in indigenous and non-indigenous Australians (AESOC, 2008). The government has however increasingly crafted policy interventions in favor of indigenous-specific intervention programs (Carol 2004). A number of leaders in Australia and elsewhere in the world are of the opinion that it is important to review school curriculum with a view to prepare students for further education and successful careers. Even more importantly is the notion that many schools should expand aims of learning in a manner that takes care of a more career oriented approach to education. This means the adoption of new strategies and expansion of career oriented approach to learning rather than just preparing students for University Education in Australia (Hudis 2001). Some high schools are re-organizing their curriculum around careers with the explicit view of aiding students for further education and putting more emphasis on careers with market angling to employment needs (Hudis 2004). Pundits have argued that some of the major bottlenecks of globalization that brought about the current economic crisis are found in the failure of governance in educational role at both the national and international levels in relation to educational policies and building up of sound economies based on realistic and sustainable education-based skills. Consequently, a grave focus has been put on relevant education coupled with factors such as effective educational policies that appreciate the dynamics of the global economy (Carol, 2004). Fazal et al. (2005) notes that educational policies have been affected a great deal. He states that various governments and their agencies, under the conditions of globalization, have been changing a number of things. These include not only the rationale for education but also getting actively involved in reconstructing the syllabi and approaches of teaching by being cognizant of factors such as technology e.g. the use of internet and other technological advancements in the world today. Largely, all these take into account the ever-changing aspects of international relations and globalization. Opportunities and Reasons for More Career Oriented Approach in Enhancing Academic Achievements of Students in the Market Place, both Globally and for Australians Interestingly, majority of school leaders have in recent past shown concern that in the communities, many educators, those in business leadership and parents are becoming worried that many high school graduates are increasingly falling below standards as far as responding to the needs of employers in the job market are concerned (ASI, 2003). Further, with no exception to Australia, the curre nt economic challenges have brought about the issue of employers looking workers with high-end skills rather than just education (Carol 2004). Through globalization, educational policies that appreciate the understanding of the global economy are being empathized. Education meets two basic levels: equality and social issues and skills demanded by employers. Accordingly, the concept of democratic level-headedness suggests the call for a system of education that facilitates socio-economic progress and appreciation of a culture of economic relevance, which can be used meaningfully to take part in communities’

Over-cutting the forests of Indonesia, Philippines and Sabah Essay

Over-cutting the forests of Indonesia, Philippines and Sabah (Malaysia) - Essay Example Yet, clear cutting, deforestation, and over cutting of the timberlands has resulted in severe shortages of lumber in countries such as the Philippines where 9 percent of the forests were cleared in the period 1980 thru 1990 (Ascher 13). There are a myriad of forces at work that create a climate where short-term gain outweighs the sound long-term management of a countrys natural resources. Flawed government policies and a failure to understand the implications of the economic driving forces has resulted in forest ove4r cutting in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. The generic and overly simplistic viewpoint that over cutting the forests in under-developed nations is a combination of greed, corruption, and ignorance marginalizes the effect of government policy. While it is true that these can have a significant effect, such as Malaysia where over $1 billion was unaccounted for in 1994, it is more often the well-intentioned, though misguided, government policies that result in forest mismanagement. In addition, governments have failed to enact strict enforcement and accountability policies that would limit the influence of special interest groups and hold government officials more responsible for the budget. Ascher illustrates the extreme case of Indonesia where President Suharto engaged in the "off-budget pursuit of development strategies ranging from downstream wood products to aerospace" as well as "†¦motives such as political campaign finance and personal aggrandizement" (81). The redistribution of resources without sound budgetary con trol disrupts pricing as well as contributing to over production. One of the more clearly misguided efforts at managing the forestry sector output has been the proliferation of export bans of raw timber around the world. The Indonesian economy lost $400 million in 1981-82 when it banned the export of raw timer in an effort to spur

Organizational Structure Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Organizational Structure Paper - Essay Example Starbucks’s reorganization of its structure has come in the trail of its rapid growth. With rapid growth, the firm has encountered more challenges in satisfying its customers and this has increased the concern on how the firm will operate in the future. To deal with these new challenges, the firm, under the leadership of Howard Schultz, has deiced to take a matrix structure. A matrix organizational structure is considered to be the best organizational structure since it helps the organization to better utilize its resources (Galbraith, 2008). In a matrix organizational structure such as found in Starbucks, all resources, especially human resources, are not fixed on one function but are loosely attached so that they can be deployed to be used in any part of the organization when they are needed there (Simms, 2008). Starbucks has employed this structure, to go align with its new needs for human resources. The matrix structure in Starbucks is implemented over the functional structure which forms the chassis of Starbucks’ structure. The Starbucks is in contrast to that of its competitor, MacDonald’s (Torresjan, 2014). MacDonald’s is a fast food restaurant that sells fast food as well as coffee and is also based in the US (Jargon, 2013). The firm uses a hierarchal structure headed at the top by a chief executive officer who oversees the firms (Torresjan, 2014). According to (Macdonlads.com, 2014) the CEO Don Thompson and oversees all of MacDonalds business across the world. However, although the MacDonald’s organizational structure is different from that is Starbucks by taking up a hierarchical structure, it is also similar to the one for Starbucks in that it also takes a functional structure where various functions at certain levels are given to the different people (The Associated Press, 2011). However, the main difference is the

Women's study lesson9 discussion board comment Article

Women's study lesson9 discussion board comment - Article Example Women not only get scared by it (they change their patterns and routines so as to avoid the harasser), but they also get traumatized by the harassment (AAUW 3). As per statistics published by the New York State Coalition Against Sexual Assault (http://www.slc.edu/offices-services/security/assault/statistics.html), at least 1 in every 4 women will be sexually assaulted during her time at college. I find this number to be too high. What is more, I think that this is another way in which women may end up getting discouraged from moving ahead with their education. As, according to the AAUW report, women who are harassed find their college experience disappointing (3), it is perhaps only logical to assume that they will associate negatively with their educational experience as well. Do you not agree that such misogynistic views about women’s capabilities in science and technology are a reflection on just how little society has changed when it comes to viewing women? Also, do you think that when women have to face sexual harassment on top of such attitudes, it makes it harder still to make headway in education for them? Will it have a negative impact in their outlook on life? And would it discourage them from pursuing further

Employment and Line Management Essay Example for Free

Employment and Line Management Essay †¢1.1 Communication is a vital thing in the workshop, it is very important so that jobs are done productively and correctly. If the communication in the workshop was poor mistakes would Begin to take place and accidents could occur. †¢1.2 The different methods of communication to the line management and colleagues are by talking to one another, team meetings, by telephone and even letters. In busy circumstances its best to use the telephone as its time efficient instead of wondering around searching for people. †¢1.3 The different methods of communication to my and colleagues are by talking to one another, team meetings, by telephone, letters and even hand signals. These are all helpful in different circumstances such as when its extremely noisy in the workshop and a person is on the other side of the workshop, hand signals would be best in that situation. †¢2.1 To plan my sequence of work from the relevant information I am given I find out what materials I require, what tools I need to assist me through the job and what PPE I need to protect me from the dangers. †¢2.2 When starting a new job I firstly look for any mistakes in the drawing, once I am satisfied I then carry on by finding out what materials I require to complete the job and then finally retrieve all of my tools that I need to assist me through the work process until I complete the job. †¢2.3 Work is carried out to the workshop using job plans, risk assessments and all other procedures. The resources that I use are job sheets, shop plans, time sheets and drawings. To reduce carbon emissions, there is an extraction system installed into the workshop. †¢2.4 The way our workshop contributes to a low carbon emission environment is that we have extraction systems built throughout the workshop to keep the emission levels at a low level. †¢3.1 The required relevant documentation that I provide is my time sheet. It shows the amount of hours I have spent on a job so that the consultants can then get a price to give to the customers. †¢3.2 I maintain my drawings and time sheets by keeping them in a locked draw. Time sheets are required to be filled in and complete every week and has to be submitted on a Monday morning before 8:00am. †¢3.3 If I do not ensure that my time sheets are not handed in on time, I will not get paid at the end of the week. With my job sheets, if it’s not complete within the given hours the customer has to pay more as the labour cost raises. †¢4.1 I am very able to work productively to the agreed specification and inline with the line management, colleagues and relevant people involved by finding out if they are pleased with the work produced and the quality. †¢4.2 I find that everyone is equal and that no one should be treated different. People tend to treat apprentices with less respect than others as they are not qualified and think they are not capable. Apprentice or not, people should not be treated different. †¢4.3 To maintain a good working relationship in my place of work I do the work that is asked of me and in the required time and in a good quality. With individuals I get on with them by being polite and cleaning after myself. †¢4.4 I think it’s good to keep a good working relation ship with the line management and colleagues as it doesn’t make it a challenge to talk to them or ask them for any information that is required. †¢4.5 Getting on with the line management and other working colleagues is important because it can make your time there difficult and non bearable. It also doesn’t make it a challenge when needing to ask for information or a specification. †¢4.6 When working with others you must never treat them any different than you would like to be treated. You should never talk down to people or think of them as lower than you.

Microprocessor Based Instrumentation System

Microprocessor Based Instrumentation System I. Introduction There are various applications of microprocessor which makes our life easy and simple. Various instruments which we are using in our day to day life includes the role of microprocessors, which is fairly called as Microprocessor Based Instrumentation. On the basis of its processing and intelligence microprocessor are base for the operation of various instruments. Here is the description of some devices or instruments which uses microprocessors. Even the most common purpose equipments which are in our use such as toothbrush, thermometer etc. Placing an embedded microprocessor system into a product makes the product smart. It can then be programmed to do things that are too difficult or expensive using conventional technologies such as logic, or time switches, and so on. Link such a smart product to the Internet and it can do even more. For example, products can be programmed to do self-diagnostic checks and to report back to the manufacturer. Not only does this provide the potential to collect data that can be used to improve products, it can also allow for the manufacturer to inform the user of potential problems, so that action can be taken. This opens up possibilities for improved customer service as well as new services. Basically, embedded microprocessors enable firms to compete on product and service innovation, by adding product and service features that customers value. II. ATMOSPHERIC ION COUNTER An atmospheric ion counter was modified and fabricated to measure the atmospheric ions. The bias voltage of ion counter was adjusted using microprocessor and stepper motor. With the adjustment of bias voltage and flow rate of air the instrument, the instrument is capable of measuring ions of all the three categories i.e. small ions, intermediate ions and large ions. III. Energy Efficient Sterilization for Surgical Instrument A microprocessor based radio frequency operated induction heated sterilization plant is proposed in this article. In this plant heat is directly generated in surgical stainless steel Instruments by means of eddy current flow. With the adjustment of pulse width modulation (PWM) controlled technique, the controlled heat is generated as per the medical norms. By controlling pulse width it can reach at level of temperature upto 240 degree centigrade. This is sufficient to sterilize the hospital equipment. The depth of heat penetration by induction heating process will depend upon the frequency generation. The relation is inversely proportional with the frequency. For sterilization process, surface area of the instrument must be heated through water boiling in existing process. A new generation induction heated sterilization plant is proposed for the dry surface heating in place of conventional a few parallel stainless steel plates may be added with the surgical instruments under water to achieve the same objective. In this proposed scheme, there is no heat conduction loss in between source of heat and object (operational instruments). It offers an unique prize as there is no shock hazard during handling of boiled stainless steel surgical instruments. Microprocessor control is introduced for selecting slow or quick heat rate. Microprocessor assembly level language gives flexibility to design the heat rate change with respect of time without rearranging the hardware circuitry. Also it control the temperature through a transducer with the help of closed loop control. IV. Portable 4-Channel Gamma Ray Spectrometer It is compact, rugged, lightweight spectrometer and comprises of a 8085 microprocessor, standard peripherals and a scintillation detector of size 1.75† x 2†. It is used for insitu measurement of gross counts, and radioelement concentrations of uranium (U), thorium (Th), and potassium (K) with LCD alpha numeric display. The device is indigenously designed and fabricated. V. Borehole Logging System Microprocessor-based gamma-ray spectral logging with scintillation detector to trace the analog profiles of total, K, U and Th channels with corresponding depth. This system is being tested in the field in different areas for its performance. VI. Microprocessor Based Bulk Ore Analyser It contains 6 scintillation detectors to compute the grade of the ore in % eU3O8 carried in 25-ton dumper from mine. It was designed and fabricated for UCIL. VII. Wind Speed Instrumentation System This system is a basic system to measure the wind parameters like wind speed for wind speed, a visual indication of wind speed is obtained by dc generator to dc voltmeter with appropriate calibrated scale. The scale needs to be arranged such that the pointer indicates a speed of 1milepersecond when the generator stalled and voltage is zero. Then any speeds above 1 mile / second will be correctly displayed if the scale is calibrated according to given graph of frequency verses output voltages. Our circuit design works with a accuracy of 1 mile / second and best suited for examining heights between 30 and 100 m Both wind parameters are measured using microprocessor based instrumentation system. By pressing a respective key respective parameters can be measured for which interrupt service routine is used. VIII. Other Instruments Portable audio-visual scintillometer. Carborne gamma survey system (microprocessor-based) for total, K, U and Th. Light weight mine face scanner with beta-sensitive Geiger Muller (GM) tubes. FUTURE ADVANCEMENT No doubt, In this era everything is modernized, everything is operated under the computer i.e. microprocessors. From toothbrush to missiles everything is operated with microprocessor control. It is supposed that in near future the cars will be fully automated and can be operated under microcontroller applications. Cars will be parked itself, will be driven automatically, itself control its speed according to traffic and many more. Microprocessor are increasingly playing a major role in modern society. The invisible ones, used for controlling and monitoring machine tools, cars, aircraft, consumer electronics and other equipment are the most numerous. They are gradually changing the relationship we have with these devices. It is interesting to show that this is a market-pull rather than a technology-push phenomenon. The design of new chips thus represents a continuous challenge for the engineers and technologists striving to give the market the products it requires, and which are generally planned a long time before they actually appear. Monolithic microprocessor are overtaking all kinds of computers. Minicomputer lines were absorbed during the 80s, main-frame lines during the 90s and probably super-computers by the beginning of the next century. During this extraordinary evolution, these devices have used all the technical innovations which had been conceived for the previous generations of computers. The futur e of these devices is very challenging. To keep the evolutionary rate of computing power and binary code compatibility, completely new execution techniques will need to be invented, eventually leading to the break-down of the physical quantum barrier around 2010. Reference: http74.125.153.132searchq=cache%3Au4bwY1eptUsJ%3Awww.che.iitm.ac.in%2F~arbala%2Fissues%2Fissue23-1%2FSadhu.pdf+instruments+using+microprocessorhl=engl=in http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/3782/1/IJRSP%2035(1)%2042-46 http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache%3Ap-hlNH0zDmwJ%3Adli.iiit.ac.in%2Fijcai%2FIJCAI-81-VOL-2%2FPDF%2F053.pdf+instruments+using+microprocessorhl=engl=in

Essay --

Emily Kotroco Paper 1 Wordsworth poems â€Å"Tintern Abbey† and â€Å"Preface to Lyrical Ballads† During Wordsworth time as a poet he made it his mission to have poetry be read by not only the aristocrats but also now the common man something that has never been done. In both poems Wordsworth makes his poems relatable by incorporating themes that everyone can relate to even if they haven’t personally had that experience, although both poems do differ when it comes down to structure and form but also when trying to convey a message, these poems are important because these ideas have never been done before and now even the average Joe can finally participate in a conversation about poetry and this brings two world together. Wordsworths â€Å"Preface to Lyrical Ballads† is his ideas on how he is going to be writing his poetry. In the â€Å"Preface to Lyrical Ballads† The Principal Object of the Poems. Humble and Rustic Life (Wordsworth 434) he discusses how in his poems he wants to create a situation in common life and have all different kinds of people relate them to a personal experience they once had in a common language,â€Å" To throw over them a certain colouring of imagination, whereby ordinary things should be presented to the mid in an unsual way; and ,further, and above all, to make these incidents and situations interesting by tracing them truly through not ostentatiously, the primary laws of our nature: chiefly, as far as regards the manner in which we associate ideas in a state of excitement.† by saying this in this stanza one can directly relate it to how he then writes â€Å"Tintern Abbey†. In â€Å"Tintern Abbey† Wordsworth uses this imagination to mak e things like walking through a abbey with your sister can become a magical incident that sends... ...eople that are from two different classes could talk about one poem and how they feel about it. This really changed the how poetry was viewed considering Wordsworth was one of the best of his time other poets look at what he was doing and responded to his actions and thoughts. Wordsworth explores common themes of the romantic era and makes them apparent to his readers by finding something important to the common man and using common diction. Before William Wordsworth wrote "Tintern Abbey" and â€Å"Preface to Lyrical Ballads†, poetry, was written pretty exclusively for and about rich people. Wordsworth's mission was to open up literature and to make it more accessible and enjoyable to normal, everyday people. He did this by setting up his thoughts in â€Å"Preface to Lyrical Ballads† and then exhausting them in â€Å"Tintern Abbey† and showing how poetry really should be written.

William F. Mays Rising to the Occasion of Our Death Essay examples --

There are three key audiences of the text for William F. May's â€Å"Rising to the Occasion of Our Death.† The first audience, in this case, would be legislative organizations or lawmakers who have researched and studied similar cases regarding euthanasia. Since May was as an ethics professor at Southern Methodist University, his tone is decidedly intellectual. An uneducated individual would find it more difficult to read his essay; for example, in declarations such as â€Å"Advocates of active euthanasia appeal to the principle of patient autonomy,† May's syntax and tone is formal, informative, and utilizes heavy technical jargon (May 662). In other words, it is authoritative, and enables the audience to view him as a credible source due to his syntactical confidence. Other organizations, lobbyists, or lawmakers who are researching evidence on euthanasia would certainly benefit from reading his expert opinion on the matter. Moreover, his desire to develop a â€Å"ju dicious, regulated policy† is a certain acknowledgement that he is attempting to legally call for regulations on euthanasia (May 662). The second audience that May is appealing to are conservative Christians, who are distinctively pro-life. As his article was originally published in well-circulated The Christian Century magazine, addressing this audience exposes members of May's audience who are unfamiliar with euthanasia to its technicalities by debating morality. His tone is similar to that of a sermon; instead of utilizing scientific facts or statistics, May chooses to exclude a logos appeal in favor of an ethos objective. He preaches on moral values about life and death, mentioning that â€Å"the best death is not always the sudden death† (May 662). According to May, preparation... ...ploying strong technical terms and establishing an extrinsic ethos, and exercising sub-arguments that would only benefit numerous groups of people, May strongly achieves his strategy of argument through ethos in terms of rhetorical persuasion. Works Cited Agatucci, Cara. "Cora Agatucci's Toulmin-Style Analysis of May's Argument." WR 122 Course Home Page. N.p., 06 Jan. 2010. Web. 31 Mar. 2014. May, William F. "Rising to the Occasion of our Death." The Christian Century Jul 11 1990: 662. ProQuest. Web. 31 Mar. 2014 "Opinion 2.21 – Euthanasia." Opinion 2.21 – Euthanasia. American Medical Association, June 1996. Web. 16 Mar. 2014. Perelman, Chaà ¯m, and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca. Facts, Values, and Hierarchies, The New Rhetoric. N.p.: n.p., n.d. PDF. The Stases and Other Rhetorical Concepts from Introduction to Academic Writing. N.p.: n.p., n.d. PDF.

A Hero of Our Time - Gregoriy Pechorin is No Hero Essay examples -- H

A Hero of Our Time  Ã‚  - Gregoriy Pechorin is No Hero Is Pechorin, the protagonist of Mikhail Lermontov's novella A Hero of Our Time an honorable man? Much of Pechorin's behavior proves him to be a cruel and insensitive man, who seems to bring only havoc and destruction to a situation. He is often aggravating, self-serving and insensitive to others. However in other instances, Pechorin proves himself to be the least reprehensible character. He shows himself to be a man with great self knowledge and knowledge of human behavior.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Pechorin can be seen as a dangerous man, who is insensitive and manipulative to others for self-serving reasons to the point of their destruction. Over the course of this book, A Hero of Our Time, Pechorin plays a major role, whether intentionally or recklessly, in the cruel destruction of four secondary characters: Princess Mary, Grushnitsky, Bela and Maxim Maximych.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Pechorin finds entertainment in playing with people's lives and emotions. Princess Mary, the young beautiful and slightly pompous Moscow princess and Grushnitisky, a young, arrogant, superficial and self-centered cadet, two young people beginning to fall in love, are Pechorin's victims. "The stage is set," Pechorin cries, delighted, to his friend Dr. Werner, "We'll see if we can provide a denouement for this comedy. Evidently fate means to see that I am not bored."(102-103) Envious of their happiness, particularly Grushnitsky's, as well as their utter blindness, Pechorin takes it upon himself to make sure their relationship is obliterated. He uses their individual and human weakness against them.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The most manipulated character of this novel is Princess Mary. The majority of her interactions with Pechorin serve only to... ... be truly blamed for his behavior because he is tormented by eyes that seek truth and purity in a corrupt and deranged society. Pechorin is a man of contradictions, for he writes honestly to himself, "I was born with a passion for contradiction. My whole life has been nothing but a series of dismal, unsuccessful attempts to go against heart or reason." (98)   Ã‚  Ã‚   Pechorin is a contradiction within himself. He is a disturbing and dangerous character masked behind the innocent facade of a beautiful and heroic young man. His redeeming quality is that he understands this about himself. However it isn't enough.    Works Cited and Consulted Brown, William Edward. ed. Critical Essays on Mikhail Lermontov. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co., 1997. Lermontov, Mikhail. A Hero of Our Time. Ed. Neil Cornwall. Trans. Martin Parker. Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle, 1995.